Naftomar's dual-fuel LPG vessel. Image Credit: Naftomar

LPG as a marine fuel could support shipping decarbonisation when combined with onboard carbon capture systems and future renewable fuel pathways, according to Lloyd's Register (LR).

In its “Fuel for Thought: LPG” report released on Monday, LR described LPG as a widely available marine fuel capable of delivering “considerable emissions reductions” compared with conventional alternatives.

According to the report, fossil LPG emits about 97% less sulfur oxides, 20% less nitrogen oxides and 90% less particulate matter than heavy fuel oil, while reducing carbon emissions by roughly 20%.

LR also cited research showing LPG can lower well-to-wake greenhouse gas emissions by around 17% compared with MGO.

The report noted that LPG has become one of the most widely accepted alternative marine fuels in the gas carrier segment, with more than 275 gas carriers either already operating on LPG or on order.

“Although LPG is now the fuel of choice for large gas carriers, this segment accounts, however, for only 8% of shipping emissions, leaving a massive 92% from other types of vessels,” the report states.

Industry projections indicate that most new VLGCs entering service in the coming years will be LPG-fuelled or LPG-ready.

LR said LPG benefits from mature global infrastructure, including more than 1,000 storage facilities and terminals and over 1,600 LPG carriers supporting international trade worldwide.

The report added that combining LPG with onboard carbon capture could provide additional emissions reductions, while renewable LPG and renewable dimethyl ether production pathways may offer longer-term decarbonisation options using existing fuel systems and infrastructure.

The report can be downloaded from here.