EU-ETS Compliance Costs

EUA Bunker Price Forecast

Based on 1-year Ship & Bunker Brent / Bunker relationship for each product and the Brent forecast from EIA Short-Term Energy Outlook dated Mar 9, 2026. All prices are $USD / mt. All prices are as indications only.
EUA EUA-USD EUAHFO EUAMGO EUAVLSFO
2026 Q1 78 88 170 175 172
2026 Q2 89 100 193 199 196
2026 Q3 74 83 161 166 163
2026 Q4 69 77 150 154 151
Full Year 2026 78 87 168 173 170
2027 Q1 65 73 141 145 143
2027 Q2 64 72 139 143 141
2027 Q3 63 71 137 141 138
2027 Q4 62 70 135 139 136
Full Year 2027 64 71 138 142 139

Terminology

Biofuel is a VLSFO biofuel blend, B24 in Singapore (24% biofuel) and typically a B30 (30% biofuel) elsewhere.

Brent prices are converted from USD/bbl to USD per metric tonne at a rate of 7.53 barrels per metric tonne.

EUA is the price in Euros for 1 (one) EU Emissions Allowance (EUA).

EUA-USD is the USD price for 1 (one) EUA converted at the prevailing exchange rate.

EUAHSFO is the total EUA cost to offset 1 (one) metric tonne (mt) of HSFO. This price takes into account for 2024 ship owners pay only 40% of the full costs incurred, 70% in 2025 and 100% in 2026.

EUAMGO is the total EUA cost to offset 1 (one) metric tonne (mt) of MGO. This price takes into account for 2024 ship owners pay only 40% of the full costs incurred, 70% in 2025 and 100% in 2026.

EUAVLSFO is the total EUA cost to offset 1 (one) metric tonne (mt) of VLSFO. This price takes into account for 2024 ship owners pay only 40% of the full costs incurred, 70% in 2025 and 100% in 2026.

IFO380 & IFO180 are Max 3.5% Sulfur Bunkers (RME, RMF, RMG, RMH, RMK, etc).

LNG is the USD price for one metric tonne of LNG.

LNG-380e is the price for an amount of LNG that delivers the energy equivalent of one metric tonne of IFO380 bunker fuel.

LNG-MGOe is the price for an amount of LNG that delivers the energy equivalent of one metric tonne of MGO.

LS180 & LS380 are Max 1.0% Sulfur Bunkers.

LSMGO is Max 0.10% Sulfur Distillate (DMA, DMZ) for Compliance with 2015 ECA Regulations.

MDO is Max 1.50% Sulfur Distillate (DMB).

MEoH is the price per tonne of pure conventional / grey methanol.

MEoH-MGOe is the price for a quantity of methanol that delivers the same amount of energy as one metric tonne of MGO.

MEoH-VLSFOe is the price for a quantity of methanol that delivers the same amount of energy as one metric tonne of VLSFO bunker fuel.

MGO is, unless otherwise specified, a Max 1.50% Sulfur "Clear and Bright" Distillate (DMA, DMZ, etc).

SS is the 'scrubber spread' - the premium for 0.50%S VLSFO over >0.50%S HSFO. The spread is the price differenctial between the two fuels before their respective half dollar rounding, with the resulting spread then rounded to the nearest half dollar.

ULSFO is Max 0.10% Sulfur Fuel Oil for Compliance with 2015 ECA Regulations.

VLSFO is Max 0.5% Sulfur fuel (Also known as IMO2020 grade bunkers).

WTI prices are converted from USD/bbl to USD per metric tonne at a rate of 7.62 barrels per metric tonne.

Learn more about our price methodology here: https://shipandbunker.com/about/about-sb-prices