MSI projects that IMO's midterm measures could add $100 billion annually to bunker costs by 2035, as penalties drive up prices for conventional fuels by up to 82%.
The report assesses the total daily operating costs for VLSFO, LNG, methanol, biodiesel, hydrogen and ammonia, factoring in IMO penalties, fuel prices, capital expenditure and retrofit costs.
Vernon Jayanathan of Maritime Recruitment Company Ltd discusses how bunker employees and employers can deal with the job market during a slump in oil prices.